The Mediator complex as a master regulator of transcription by RNA polymerase II

WF Richter, S Nayak, J Iwasa, DJ Taatjes - Nature Reviews Molecular …, 2022 - nature.com
The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Mechanisms of enhancer action: the known and the unknown

A Panigrahi, BW O'Malley - Genome biology, 2021 - Springer
Differential gene expression mechanisms ensure cellular differentiation and plasticity to
shape ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversity of cell types. A key regulator of differential …

Evolutionary constraint and innovation across hundreds of placental mammals

MJ Christmas, IM Kaplow, DP Genereux, MX Dong… - Science, 2023 - science.org
Zoonomia is the largest comparative genomics resource for mammals produced to date. By
aligning genomes for 240 species, we identify bases that, when mutated, are likely to affect …

Complementary Alu sequences mediate enhancer–promoter selectivity

L Liang, C Cao, L Ji, Z Cai, D Wang, R Ye, J Chen… - Nature, 2023 - nature.com
Enhancers determine spatiotemporal gene expression programs by engaging with long-
range promoters,,–. However, it remains unknown how enhancers find their cognate …

Transcriptional coupling of distant regulatory genes in living embryos

M Levo, J Raimundo, XY Bing, Z Sisco, PJ Batut… - Nature, 2022 - nature.com
The prevailing view of metazoan gene regulation is that individual genes are independently
regulated by their own dedicated sets of transcriptional enhancers. Past studies have …

Long-range enhancer–promoter contacts in gene expression control

S Schoenfelder, P Fraser - Nature Reviews Genetics, 2019 - nature.com
Spatiotemporal gene expression programmes are orchestrated by transcriptional
enhancers, which are key regulatory DNA elements that engage in physical contacts with …

New developments on the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) data portal

Y Luo, BC Hitz, I Gabdank, JA Hilton… - Nucleic acids …, 2020 - academic.oup.com
Abstract The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) is an ongoing collaborative
research project aimed at identifying all the functional elements in the human and mouse …

Eukaryotic core promoters and the functional basis of transcription initiation

V Haberle, A Stark - Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2018 - nature.com
Abstract RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoters are specialized DNA sequences at
transcription start sites of protein-coding and non-coding genes that support the assembly of …

Developmental enhancers and chromosome topology

EEM Furlong, M Levine - Science, 2018 - science.org
Developmental enhancers mediate on/off patterns of gene expression in specific cell types
at particular stages during metazoan embryogenesis. They typically integrate multiple …

Leveraging base-pair mammalian constraint to understand genetic variation and human disease

PF Sullivan, JRS Meadows, S Gazal, BDN Phan, X Li… - Science, 2023 - science.org
Thousands of genomic regions have been associated with heritable human diseases, but
attempts to elucidate biological mechanisms are impeded by an inability to discern which …