Skin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline
tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is …

Introduction: The MAPK pathway comprises several key signaling components and
phosphorylation events that play a role in tumorigenesis. These activated kinases transmit …

Cell lines are valuable resources as model for human biology and translational medicine. It
is thus important to explore the concordance between the expression in various cell lines vis …

The current development status of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors,
including the preclinical data and clinical study progress, has been summarized in this …

Background Sinonasal neoplasms, whether benign and malignant, pose a significant
challenge to clinicians and represent a model area for multidisciplinary collaboration in …

First identified in the early 1980s as retroviral oncogenes, the Raf proteins have been the
objects of intense research. The discoveries 10 years later that the Raf family members (Raf …

Nanotechnology involves the engineering of functional systems at nanoscale, thus being
attractive for disciplines ranging from materials science to biomedicine. One of the most …

The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) network consists of tightly interconnected
signalling pathways involved in diverse cellular processes, such as cell cycle, survival …

Melanoma derived from melanocytes is the most aggressive genre of skin cancer. Although
the considerable advancement in the study of human cancer biology and drug discovery …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an important signaling pathway in living beings
in response to extracellular stimuli. There are 5 main subgroups manipulating by a set of …