Glycans are involved in numerous biological recognition events. Being secondary gene
products, their labeling by genetic methods–comparable to GFP labeling of proteins–is not …

The emerging inverse electron demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) reaction stands out from other
bioorthogonal reactions by virtue of its unmatchable kinetics, excellent orthogonality and …

Bioorthogonal reactions have found widespread use in applications ranging from glycan
engineering to in vivo imaging. Researchers have devised numerous reactions that can be …

Recently, click chemistry has provided important advances in biomedical research fields.
Particularly, copper-free click chemistry including strain-promoted azide–alkyne …

Fluorescence imaging techniques have been widely used to visualize biological molecules
and phenomena. In particular, several studies on the development of small-molecule …

The selective chemical modification of biological molecules drives a good portion of modern
drug development and fundamental biological research. While a few early examples of …

Bioorthogonal chemistries enable researchers to interrogate biomolecules in living systems.
These reactions are highly selective and biocompatible, and can be performed in many …

Bacteria possess an extraordinary repertoire of cell envelope glycans that have critical
physiological functions. Pathogenic bacteria have glycans that are essential for growth and …

In the past 15 years, there have been rapid developments in the ability to cotranslationally
incorporate unnatural amino acids into proteins produced in cells, both at defined sites via …

Metabolic glycoengineering with unnatural sugars provides a powerful tool to label cell
membranes with chemical tags for subsequent targeted conjugation of molecular cargos via …