While the nutritional and physical health benefits of breastfeeding are well established,
accumulating research demonstrates the far-reaching psychological effects of breastfeeding …

Lead (Pb) is a worldwide environmental contaminant that even at low levels influences brain
development and affects neurobehavior later in life; nevertheless it is only a small fraction of …

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been retrospectively linked to autism spectrum disorders but
the temporal association between gut microbiota and early neurodevelopment in healthy …

The second and third trimesters of pregnancy are crucial for the anatomical and functional
development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. If premature birth occurs, the immaturity of the …

Background Infant cognitive development is influenced by maternal factors that range from
obesity to early feeding and breast milk composition. Animal studies suggest a role for …

During pregnancy and infancy, the human brain is growing extremely fast; the brain volume
increases significantly, reaching 36, 72, and 83% of the volume of adults at 2–4 weeks, 1 …

Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the development of the gastrointestinal (GI)
tract during the early postnatal period can influence brain development and vice-versa. It is …

The objective of this narrative review was to synthesize the literature on human milk
oligosaccharides (HMOs) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in human milk-fed infants. We …

With the development of technology, more infants receive general anesthesia for surgery,
other interventions, or clinical examination at an early stage after birth. However, whether …

The prenatal and early postnatal periods are stages during which dynamic changes and the
development of the brain and gut microbiota occur, and nutrition is one of the most important …