The IL-1 cytokine family comprises 11 members (7 ligands with agonist activity, 3 receptor
antagonists and 1 anti-inflammatory cytokine) and is recognised as a key mediator of …

Interleukins (ILs) are a major subclass of cytokines acting as molecular messengers playing
role in immune system responses via a cascade of signaling pathways. Belonging to the …

Mast cells (MCs) are tissue cells that are derived from bone marrow stem cells that
contribute to allergic reactions, inflammatory diseases, innate and adaptive immunity …

Anti-interleukin (IL) therapies have emerged as a major treatment for patients with moderate-
to-severe psoriasis. This article reviews the up-to-date results of pivotal clinical trials …

The IL-1 superfamily of cytokines is a central regulator of immunity and inflammation. The
family is composed of 11 cytokines (with agonist, antagonist, and anti-inflammatory …

The inflammatory disorders collectively termed the seronegative spondyloarthropathies
(SpA) include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis, the …

Immunological memory was long considered a trait exclusive to cells of the adaptive
immune system. However, recent studies have shown that after activation of the innate …

Abstract The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family is one of the first described cytokine families and
consists of eight cytokines (IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ and IL-37) and …

Interleukin (IL)-38, a newly discovered IL-1 family cytokine, is expressed in several tissues
and secreted by various cells. IL-38 has recently been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory …

Pyroptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death with inflammasome formation.
Pattern recognition receptors that identify repetitive motifs of prospective pathogens such as …