Temperature profoundly influences physiological responses in animals, primarily due to the
effects on biochemical reaction rates. Since physiological responses are often exemplified …

Cryopreservation can help to meet the demand for biosamples of high medical value.
However, it remains difficult to effectively cryopreserve some sensitive cells, tissues, and …

During winter, larvae of the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica (Diptera, Chironomidae),
must endure 7–8 months of continuous subzero temperatures, encasement in a matrix of soil …

The environmental physiology of terrestrial Antarctic nematodes is reviewed with an
emphasis on their cold-tolerance strategies. These nematodes are living in one of the most …

To persist in extreme environments, some meiofaunal taxa have adopted outstanding
resistance strategies. Recent years have seen increased enthusiasm for understanding …

Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) is China's most serious
forest disease in recent decades. Its complex disease system with unclear pathogenesis and …

Soil nematodes are capable of employing an anhydrobiotic survival strategy in response to
adverse environmental conditions. The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica represent a …

Abiotic stress is one of the primary constraints limiting the range and success of arthropods,
and nowhere is this more apparent than Antarctica. Antarctic arthropods have evolved a …

Many limno-terrestrial tardigrades live in unstable habitats where they experience extreme
environmental conditions such as drought, heat and subzero temperatures. Although their …

The ability of entomopathogenic nematodes to tolerate environmental stress such as
desiccating or freezing conditions, can contribute significantly to biocontrol efficacy. Thus, in …