Trauma-and disease-related skeletal defects and illnesses are plaguing millions of people
especially in an ageing globe. Recently, the convergence of additive manufacturing (AM) …

This review presents the different combination methods of 3D printing and electrospinning
processes and discusses the advantages of each method. Also, the applications of products …

To accurately mimic the native tissue environment, tissue engineered scaffolds often need to
have a highly controlled and varied display of three-dimensional (3D) architecture and …

Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been extensively applied on tissue engineering because of its
low‐melting temperature, good processability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical …

Tendon and ligament (TL) injuries affect millions of people annually. Biopolymers play a
significant role in TL tissue repair, whether the treatment relies on tissue engineering …

Tendon/ligament-to-bone healing poses a formidable clinical challenge due to the complex
structure, composition, cell population and mechanics of the interface. With rapid advances …

Tendon and ligament tissue regeneration and replacement are complex since scaffolds
need to guarantee an adequate hierarchical structured morphology, and non-linear …

The musculoskeletal system is composed by hard and soft tissue. These tissues are
characterized by a wide range of mechanical properties that cause a progressive transition …

Sericin is a sticky protein substance, which is generated by the silk-worm for holding the
filaments of silk tightly. The main constituent of natural crude silk is made up of sericin and …

The heterogeneity of native tissues requires complex materials to provide suitable
substitutes for model systems and replacement tissues. Functionally graded materials have …