Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central
nervous system. The immunopathology of MS involves both T and B lymphocytes. Rituximab …

Characterization of highly glycosylated biopharma-ceuticals by mass spectrometry is
challenging because of the huge chemical space of coexistent glycoforms present. Here, we …

Charged heterogeneity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) products is regarded as a critical
quality attribute (CQA) depending on its impact on the safety and efficacy profile of the …

Imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) and ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) are
two essential techniques that are routinely used for charge variant analysis of therapeutic …

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) not only substantially increase structural
heterogeneity of proteins but can also alter the conformation or even biological functions …

Peptide-based supramolecules exhibit great potential in various fields due to their improved
target recognition ability and versatile functions. However, they still suffer from numerous …

Imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) technology has been proved to be robust for the
characterization of protein charge heterogeneity due to its high-resolution pI discrimination …

Saccharides and biocompounds as saccharide (sugar) complexes have various roles and
biological functions in living organisms due to modifications via nucleophilic substitution …

A carrier ampholyte is a molecule containing both acid and base functionality that is critical
for imaged capillary isoelectric focusing. The quality of an imaged capillary isoelectric …

Glycans associated with biopharmaceutical drugs play crucial roles in drug safety and
efficacy, and therefore, their reliable detection and quantification is essential. Our study …