The development of efficient mucosal vaccines is strongly dependent on the use of
appropriate vectors. Various biological systems or synthetic nanoparticles have been …

Bacillus subtilis microecological agents are promising feed additives to replace antibiotics in
the livestock, poultry, and aquaculture industries. B. subtilis cells can form spores that are …

In recent decades, intensive crop management has involved excessive use of pesticides or
fertilizers, compromising environmental integrity and public health. Accordingly, there has …

Drought stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting soil fertility and plant
health, and due to climate change, it is destined to increase even further, becoming a …

Massive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has been the main strategy used to
cope with the rising crop demands in the last decades. The indiscriminate use of chemicals …

Proteins and glycoproteins that form the surface layers of the Bacillus spore assemble into
semipermeable arrays that surround and protect the spore cytoplasm. Such layers, acting …

Tetanus toxoid (TTd) plays an important role in the pharmaceutical world, especially in
vaccines. The toxoid is obtained after formaldehyde treatment of the tetanus toxin. In …

Bacillus subtilis spores are considered to be efficient and useful vehicles for the surface
display and delivery of heterologous proteins. In this study, we prepared recombinant spores …

Bacteria classified as Bacillus cereus sensu stricto cause two different type of
gastrointestinal diseases associated with food poisoning. Outbreaks of this opportunistic …

Surface display systems have been developed to express target molecules on almost all
types of biological entities from viruses to mammalian cells and on a variety of synthetic …