From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical
School, Norfolk, VA. Address reprint requests to Paul E. Marik, MD, FCCM, FCCP, Eastern …

Objective: An increasing number of minimally or noninvasive devices are available to
measure cardiac output in the critical care setting. This article reviews the underlying …

IMPLICATIONS: Due to the rapid increase in the number of devices that measure CO
noninvasively, clinicians need to familiarize themselves with the technologies and available …

Hemodynamic monitoring is an essential part of the perioperative management of the
cardiovascular patient. It helps to detect hemodynamic alterations, diagnose their underlying …

Background: Wound infections are common, serious, surgical complications. Oxidative
killing by neutrophils is the primary defense against surgical pathogens and increasing …

Minimally invasive and non-invasive methods of estimation of cardiac output (CO) were
developed to overcome the limitations of invasive nature of pulmonary artery catheterization …

As a principal determinant of oxygen delivery and of blood pressure, cardiac output (CO)
represents an important hemodynamic variable. Its accurate measurement, therefore, is …

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Objectives: A noninvasive continuous cardiac output system (NICO) has been developed
recently. NICO uses a ratio of the change in the end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure …

The haemodynamic changes of the prone position were investigated in 40 ASA I–II patients
undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Patients were randomly assigned, following propofol …