Recent advances in the generation of well-characterized subfemtosecond laser pulses have
opened up unpredicted opportunities for the real-time observation of ultrafast electronic …

The history and current status of the Keldysh theory of strong field ionization are reviewed.
The focus is on the fundamentals of the theory, its most important applications and those …

The question of how long it takes a particle to tunnel through a potential barrier has been a
subject of intense theoretical debate for the last 80 years. In this decade of attosecond …

In this review, we will focus on the theoretical aspects in observing and controlling the
electronic dynamics in few-electron atoms and molecules by attosecond pulses in different …

The debate on tunnelling times have always been full of contradictions and the attoclock
experiments that measure tunnelling delays in strong-field ionization are no exception. The …

Tunnel ionization belongs to the fundamental processes of atomic physics. The so-called
two-step model, which describes the ionization as instantaneous tunneling at the electric …

This article addresses topics regarding time measurements performed on quantum systems.
The motivation is linked to the advent of'attophysics' which makes feasible to follow the …

Illuminating a nano-sized metallic tip with ultrashort laser pulses leads to the emission of
electrons due to multiphoton excitations. As optical fields become stronger, tunnelling …

We review the status of the theory of ionization of atoms and ions by intense laser radiation
(Keldysh's theory). We discuss the applicability of the theory, its relation to the Landau …

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