The poultry industry contributes significantly to bridging the nutritional gap in many countries
because of its meat and eggs products rich in protein and valuable nutrients at a cost less …

During the last years probiotics gained the attention of clinicians for their use in the
prevention and treatment of multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms of action …

The microbiome of the broiler chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been extensively
studied, and it has been amply demonstrated that it plays an important role in the health of …

Simple Summary Chickens evolved for millions of years to be hatched in a nest in contact
with an adult hen. However, current commercial production of chickens is based on hatching …

Innate immunity is a semi‐specific and widely distributed form of immunity, which represents
the first line of defence against pathogens. This type of immunity is critical to maintain …

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms which
closely and intensively interact with the host and ingested feed. The gut microbiome benefits …

Recent advances in the technology available for culture-independent methods for
identification and enumeration of environmental bacteria have invigorated interest in the …

Antibiotics have been used for many years as growth promoters. They contribute to build the
immunocompetence (ie ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following …

The gut is a fundamental organ system which makes up two equally important functions, ie,
the digestion and host defence. To elicit the well-functioning and healthy gut, the dynamic …

Natural antibodies (NAb) are defined as germline encoded immunoglobulins found in
individuals without (known) prior antigenic experience. NAb bind exogenous (eg, bacterial) …