During the last decade, a number of studies have shown that, in addition to their classically
described reproductive function, estrogens and androgens also regulate the immune system …

Elucidating the mechanisms of estrogens-induced immunomodulation in teleost fish is of
great importance due to the observed worldwide continuing decrease in pristine …

Fish studies report consumption of microplastics (MPs) in the field, and concern exists over
associated risks. However, laboratory studies with adult fish are scarce. In this study, outbred …

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are synthetic or natural chemical molecules occurring in
environment that have the potential to impart adverse effects on homeostasis of endocrine …

1. Introduction 2. Effects of Stressors on the Immune Response 2.1. Suppressive Versus
Enhancing Effects 2.2. Perception of Stress After Immune Stimulation: Systemic Versus …

Endocrine disruption, in particular disruption by estrogen-active compounds, has been
identified as an important ecotoxicological hazard in the aquatic environment. Research on …

Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, posing serious threats to aquatic
organisms. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of long-term Cd …

Research on endocrine disruption in fish has been dominated by studies on estrogen-active
compounds which act as mimics of the natural estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), and generally …

There is increasing public attention concerning the effect of endocrine disruptor chemicals
(EDCs) on the immune system. One important group belonging to EDCs are the …

The present study tried to measure the formation of melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) in
various organs of male and female goldfish exposed to nonylphenol (NP) and aimed to …