Viruses manipulate cell biology to utilize monocytes/macrophages as vessels for
dissemination, long-term persistence within tissues and virus replication. Viruses enter cells …

Macrophages are important target cells for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I (HIV-
1) in vivo. Several studies have assessed the molecular biology of the virus in this cell type …

After host entry through mucosal surfaces, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)
disseminates to lymphoid tissues to establish a generalized infection of the immune system …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in viral infections both as initiators of immunity
and as viral targets. Interaction between DCs and the innate-like CD1d-restricted natural …

Current HIV vaccines designed to stimulate CD8+ T cells have failed to induce immunologic
control upon infection. The functions of vaccine-induced HIV-specific CD8+ T cells were …

Previous research has revealed associations between autism and immune genes located in
the human leukocyte antigen (HLA). To better understand which HLA genetic loci may be …

Objectives: HIV reservoir in the brain represents a major barrier for curing HIV infection. As
the most abundant, long-lived cell type, astrocytes play a critical role in maintaining the …

HIV-1 infection in cell lines is very efficient, since the target population is clonal and highly
dividing. However, infection of primary cells such as CD4 T lymphocytes and monocyte …

Macrophages are recognized as a putative reservoir for HIV-1, but whether HIV can
establish latent infection in this cell type is not known. An in vitro model using long-term …

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) occupy extensive regions of the human genome. Although
many of these retroviral elements have lost their ability to replicate, those whose insertion …