Following “the Roots” of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): The Evolution of an Enhancer from a Traditional Use to Increase Work and Productivity in Southeast Asia to a …

E Cinosi, G Martinotti, P Simonato… - BioMed research …, 2015 - Wiley Online Library
The use of substances to enhance human abilities is a constant and cross‐cultural feature in
the evolution of humanity. Although much has changed over time, the availability on the …

Neurobiology of Kratom and its main alkaloid mitragynine

FW Suhaimi, NHM Yusoff, R Hassan, SM Mansor… - Brain research …, 2016 - Elsevier
Kratom or its main alkaloid, mitragynine is derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa Korth
which is indigenous to Southeast Asian countries. This substance has become widely …

Abuse potential and adverse cognitive effects of mitragynine (kratom)

NHM Yusoff, FW Suhaimi, RK Vadivelu… - Addiction …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Mitragynine is the major psychoactive alkaloid of the plant kratom/ketum. Kratom is widely
used in S outheast A sia as a recreational drug, and increasingly appears as a pure …

Accelerated Solvent Extractions (ASE) of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (Kratom) Leaves: Evaluation of Its Cytotoxicity and Antinociceptive Activity

YS Goh, T Karunakaran, V Murugaiyah, R Santhanam… - Molecules, 2021 - mdpi.com
Mitragyna speciosa Korth (kratom) is known for its psychoactive and analgesic properties.
Mitragynine is the primary constituent present in kratom leaves. This study highlights the …

Mitragynine attenuates morphine withdrawal effects in rats—a comparison with methadone and buprenorphine

R Hassan, C Pike See, S Sreenivasan… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Background Opiate addiction is a major health problem in many countries. A crucial
component of the medical treatment is the management of highly aversive opiate withdrawal …

A systematic review of (pre) clinical studies on the therapeutic potential and safety profile of kratom in humans

E Prevete, KPC Kuypers, EL Theunissen… - Human …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a tropical plant traditionally used as an
ethnomedicinal remedy for several conditions in South East Asia. Despite the increased …

Kratom as an opioid alternative: harm, or harm reduction? A systematic review of literature

C Stanciu, S Ahmed, S Gnanasegaram… - The American Journal …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
ABSTRACT Background: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) products are increasingly
endorsed for self-management of multiple ailments, including as opioid substitution. The …

Evaluation of in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and mitraphylline

VK Manda, B Avula, Z Ali, IA Khan, LA Walker… - Planta …, 2014 - thieme-connect.com
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is a popular herb in Southeast Asia, which is traditionally used
to treat withdrawal symptoms associated with opiate addiction. Mitragynine, 7 …

In vitro and in vivo pharmacology of kratom

T Hiranita, S Obeng, A Sharma, JL Wilkerson… - Advances in …, 2022 - Elsevier
Kratom products have been historically and anecdotally used in south Asian countries for
centuries to manage pain and opioid withdrawal. The use of kratom products has …

A review on Mitragyna speciosa (Rubiaceae) as a prominent medicinal plant based on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

T Begum, MH Arzmi, A Khatib, ABMH Uddin… - Natural Product …, 2024 - Taylor & Francis
Mitragyna speciosa Korth (kratom) is a tropical indigenous tree of Southeast Asia. It is
commonly consumed by the people due to its various pharmacological properties. The …