The neural circuitry of fear likely underlies anxiety and fear-related disorders such as
specific and social phobia, panic disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The primary …

Repeated, extreme, or traumatic stressors can elicit pathological effects leading to many
negative physical and psychological outcomes. Stressors can precipitate the onset of …

Exposure to severe stress leads to development of neuropsychiatric disorders, including
depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in at-risk individuals. Neuropeptide …

While anxiety disorders are the brain disorders with the highest prevalence and constitute a
major burden for society, a considerable number of affected people are still treated …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been found to play a role in the pathomechanism of both anxiety
and depression. Thus, NPY is a promising candidate in the investigation of the clinical …

Mood and anxiety disorders develop in some but not all individuals following exposure to
stress and psychological trauma. However, the factors underlying individual differences in …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin (GAL) are densely localized in brain regions subserving
stress, fear and anxiety. While previous research supports a role for both neuropeptides in …

Much evidence indicates that individuals use tobacco primarily to experience the
psychopharmacological properties of nicotine and that a large proportion of smokers …

Acute administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY) modulates alcohol intake in genetic and
chemical models of high intake, while leaving intake unaffected during 'normal'or baseline …

This study utilized pharmacological manipulations to analyze the role of direct and indirect
activation of 5-HT7 receptors (5-HT7Rs) in passive avoidance learning by assessing …