Potassium is the major intracellular cation in bacteria as well as in eucaryotic cells. Bacteria
accumulate K+ by a number of different transport systems that vary in kinetics, energy …

Bacteria can survive dramatic osmotic shifts. Osmoregulatory responses mitigate the passive
adjustments in cell structure and the growth inhibition that may ensue. The levels of certain …

Clostridia is one of the largest bacterial genera with an enormous potential for biotechnical
and medical applications. Despite growing scientific, medical, and industrial interest …

K+, the dominant intracellular cation, is required for various physiological processes like
turgor homeostasis, pH regulation etc. Bacterial cells have evolved many diverse K+ …

Bacteria possess multiple mechanisms for the transport of metal ions. While many of these
systems may have evolved in the first instance to resist the detrimental effects of toxic …

The Kdp system is widely distributed among bacteria. In Escherichia coli, the Kdp-ATPase is
a high-affinity K+ uptake system and its expression is activated by the KdpDE two …

The kdpABC operon codes for the high affinity K+-translocating Kdp complex (P-type
ATPase) ofEscherichia coli. Upon expression of this operon in minicells, a so far …

Enterococci are gram-positive constituents of the normal human microffora, typically
colonizing the intestinal tract and skin (34, 47). However, these organisms are capable of …

The intracellular K+ level in bacteria is strictly controlled by K+ uptake and efflux systems.
Among these, KdpFABC is a high-affinity K+ transporter system that is generally activated by …

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, spore-forming enteric anaerobe which can infect
humans and a wide variety of animal species. Recently, the incidence and severity of human …