Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of a long chain of
repeating disaccharide units that are attached to core proteins, resulting in CS …

Central pattern generator (CPG) networks rely on a balance of intrinsic and network
properties to produce reliable, repeatable activity patterns. This balance is maintained by …

Background: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are biopersistent, global pollutants.
Although some in vitro and epidemiological studies have explored the neurotoxic potential …

The banana shrimp, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, is a commercially important species of
marine crustacean that, like other penaeids, exhibit a female-superior sexual dimorphism …

In the modern era of machine learning and artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks
are widely used as the “brains” for smart software applications. Even though these …

Recovery following stroke occurs almost entirely in the first weeks post injury. Moreover, the
efficacy of rehabilitative training is limited beyond this narrow time frame. Sprouting of …

Neurons and neural circuits need to balance flexibility with stability to constantly adapt to the
changing environment while maintaining stable outputs. One of the candidate mechanisms …

Throughout the life of an organism, the nervous system must be able to balance changing in
response to environmental stimuli with the need to produce reliable, repeatable activity …