This article reviews blackbox optimization applications of direct search optimization methods
over the past twenty years. Emphasis is placed on the Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (Mads) …

Railway systems are time-varying and complex systems with nonlinear behaviors that
require effective optimization techniques to achieve optimal performance. Evolutionary …

Because roads are the major backbone of the transportation network, research about crack
detection on road surfaces has been popular in computer and infrastructure engineering …

With increasing transportation requirements in mountainous regions, railways are
encroaching ever more on environmentally-sensitive areas in those regions. Selecting an …

Railway design is complex and closely linked to environmental concerns. To solve this
problem, a two-stage method considering three categories of environmental factors …

A horizontal alignment can be represented by three key factors: number of horizontal points
of intersection (HPIs), their locations, and corresponding horizontal curve radii. Deciding all …

Roads, railways and rail transit lines play major roles in transporting passengers and freight.
In the design process for such transportation infrastructures, the alignment determination …

Mountain railway alignment design is an important but complex civil engineering problem.
To overcome the drastically undulating terrain, long tunnels and high bridges are major …

Determinations of alignments and station locations are major tasks in railway design, which
jointly and fundamentally influence the construction and operation of the whole project …

Optimizing railway alignments is a quite complex and time-consuming engineering problem.
The huge continuous search space, complex constraints, implicit objective function and …