The heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has received a serious concern for
the ecosystem and human health. In the last decade, remediation of the agricultural polluted …

Soil contamination with toxic metals is a widespread environmental issue resulting from
global industrialization within the past few years. Therefore, decontamination of heavy metal …

Abstract Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), one of the oldest cultivated crops, continues to be
widely grown for oil, fiber and food. Furthermore, the plants show a metal tolerance …

Copper (Cu) is an abundant essential micronutrient element in various rocks and minerals
and is required for a variety of metabolic processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes …

The main mechanism of plant tolerance is the avoidance of metal uptake, whereas the main
mechanism of hyperaccumulation is the uptake and neutralization of metals through specific …

Increasing global population, urbanization and industrialization are increasing the rate of
conversion of arable land into wasteland. Supplying food to an ever-increasing population is …

Owing to the realization of the harmful effect of cadmium on the environment and plants and
as the plants are sessile organisms, they need to increase the protective mechanisms to …

The characterization of prospective plants is one of the critical issues in the efficiency and
success of the phytoremediation process. Due to adaption and tolerance to different …

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal present in atmosphere, rocks, sediments, and soils without a
known role in plants. It is relatively mobile and can easily enter from soil into groundwater …

The increasing expansion of mines, factories, and agricultural lands has caused many
changes and pollution in soils and water of several parts of the world. In recent years, metal …