Thyroid hormones (THs) play critical roles in the differentiation, growth, metabolism, and
physiological function of virtually all tissues. TH binds to receptors that are ligand …

Thyroid hormones are important during development of the mammalian brain, acting on
migration and differentiation of neural cells, synaptogenesis, and myelination. The actions of …

I. Introduction T HE biological importance of the thyroid gland has been recognized for
centuries (1). The realization in the late 19th century that cretinism and myxedema result …

Some transcription factors contain stretches of polyglutamine encoded by repeats of the
trinucleotide CAG. Expansion of the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor (AR) has been …

For over 100 years, thyroid hormones have been known to be essential for neonatal
neurodevelopment but whether they are required by the foetal brain remains a matter of …

Summary objective Over 1% of the UK population is receiving thyroid hormone replacement
with l‐thyroxine (T4). However, many patients complain of persistent lethargy and related …

17β-Estradiol (E2) controls many aspects of human physiology, including development,
reproduction and homeostasis, through regulation of the transcriptional activity of its cognate …

The timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation is thought to depend on an intrinsic clock in
oligodendrocyte precursor cells that counts time or cell divisions and limits precursor cell …

Color vision is facilitated by distinct populations of cone photoreceptors in the retina. In
rodents, cones expressing different opsin photopigments are sensitive to middle (M,'green') …

Estrogens exert a wide variety of effects on growth, development, and differentiation,
including important regulatory functions within the reproductive systems of both females and …