The mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR is the master regulator of a cell's growth and
metabolic state in response to nutrients, growth factors and many extracellular cues. Its …

Nearly 100 years have passed since Frederick Banting and Charles Best first discovered
and purified insulin. Their discovery and subsequent improvements revolutionized the …

Background The epigenetic regulatory chemical lactate is a product of glycolysis. It can
regulate gene expression through histone lactylation, thereby promoting tumor proliferation …

Pancreatic β cells differentiate during fetal life, but only postnatally acquire the capacity for
glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). How this happens is not clear. In exploring what …

Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are two of the major causes of type 2
diabetes (T2D). Recent clinical and experimental studies have suggested that the functional …

Since its initial discovery as the gene altered in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), an
autosomal dominant disorder, the interest in TSC1 (Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1) has …

Dietary polyphenols can be utilized to treat obesity and chronic disorders linked to it. Dietary
polyphenols can inhibit pre-adipocyte proliferation, adipocyte differentiation, and triglyceride …

At the very moment of cell-cycle arrest, the cell is not senescent yet. For several days in cell
culture, the arrested cell is acquiring a senescent phenotype. What is happening during this …

Abstract Effects of the metabolic hormone glucagon can be physiological or
supraphysiological, based on agonist concentration and the mediating cellular signal. The …

Acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a reversible epithelial transdifferentiation process that
occurs in the pancreas in response to acute inflammation. ADM can rapidly progress …