Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify
the causal risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Methods We first conducted a review of meta …

Mood disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often co-
occur. We reviewed the available evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation …

Observational studies suggested a bidirectional correlation between depression and
metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. However, the causal associations between …

Importance Depression is associated with an increased risk of physical illness, but the most
common causes of hospitalization among people with depression are unclear. Objective To …

Passive permeability is a key property in drug disposition and delivery. It is critical for
gastrointestinal absorption, brain penetration, renal reabsorption, defining clearance …

Patients with depression are at increased risk for a range of comorbid diseases, with,
however, unclear explanations. In this large community-based cohort study of the UK …

Populations with common physical diseases–such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and
neurodegenerative disorders–experience substantially higher rates of major depressive …

The causality of the association between depression and gastrointestinal diseases is
undetermined. We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to systematically …

Diabetes and its complications cause a heavy disease burden globally. Identifying
exposures, risk factors and molecular processes causally associated with the development …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is phenotypically associated with cardiovascular diseases
(CVD). We aim to investigate mechanisms underlying relationships between MDD and CVD …