Objective It is widely held that waterpipe smoking (WPS) is not associated with health
hazards. However, several studies have documented the uptake of several toxicants and …

The oral cavities of tobacco smokers and users of smokeless tobacco products are exposed
to high concentrations of nicotine. A limited number of animal studies have assessed the …

Potentially malignant oral mucosal disease has some ability to give rise to malignancy of the
oral epithelium, that is, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present article provides …

Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
(ESCC) exhibit a survival rate of less than 60% and 40%, respectively. Late‐stage diagnosis …

Highlights What are the main findings? Due to the possibility of dangerous chemicals and
flavorings in the aerosol, there is evidence to suggest that using e-cigarettes may raise the …

Background: The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) was aggressively promoted as a healthier
alternative to tobacco smoking. Despite the fact that e-cigarettes gained popularity among …

Background: Oral cancer is in increasing in incidence in Yemen and indeed worldwide.
Knowledge regarding risk factors and early signs in the general population can help in …

Oral erythroplakia is a rare type of lesion, and little is known about the origin of the lesion. It
has traditionally been described as the red counterpart of oral leukoplakia, which implies …

Background: Shammah is a traditional form of chewing tobacco [smokeless tobacco,(ST)]
that is commonly used in the Middle East especially in Saudi Arabia (KSA), Yemen and …

Background: Use of tobacco is often implicated in the development of oral diseases.
Questionable accuracy of the traditional questionnaires to assess cigarette exposure …