During the last decade, significant progress has been made in the field of pellet injection
with (1) the identification of the drift of the deposited material in the inhomogeneous …

Nuclear fusion is one of the most attractive alternatives to carbon-dependent energy
sources. Harnessing energy from nuclear fusion in a large reactor scale, however, still …

Edge-localized-modes (ELMs) are a ubiquitous feature of H-mode in tokamaks. When
gradients in the H-mode transport barrier grow to exceed the MHD stability limit the ELM …

Progress, since the ITER Physics Basis publication (ITER Physics Basis Editors et al 1999
Nucl. Fusion 39 2137–2664), in understanding the processes that will determine the …

Large 70Hz Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) are converted into small 130Hz
oscillations using edge resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) from a coil with currents⩽ …

The understanding and predictive capability of transport physics and plasma confinement is
reviewed from the perspective of achieving reactor-scale burning plasmas in the ITER …

The JET hybrid scenario has been developed from low plasma current carbon wall
discharges to the record-breaking Deuterium-Tritium plasmas obtained in 2021 with the …

In ASDEX Upgrade, experimental efforts aim to establish pace making and mitigation of type-
I edge localized modes (ELMs) in high confinement mode (H-mode) discharges. Injection of …

The'Progress in the ITER Physics Basis'(PIPB) document is an update of the'ITER Physics
Basis'(IPB), which was published in 1999 [1]. The IPB provided methodologies for projecting …

Large sub-millisecond heat pulses due to Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) have been
eliminated reproducibly in DIII-D for periods approaching nine energy confinement times (τ …