Bronchopulmonary C-fibers and a subset of mechanically sensitive, acid-sensitive
myelinated sensory nerves play essential roles in regulating cough. These vagal sensory …

Cough is a reflex action of the respiratory tract that is used to clear the upper airways.
Chronic cough lasting for more than 8 weeks is common in the community. The causes …

Pontine respiratory nuclei provide synaptic input to medullary rhythmogenic circuits to shape
and adapt the breathing pattern. An understanding of this statement depends on …

Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) represents the primary cause of death
associated with therapeutic and recreational opioid use. Within the United States, the rate of …

Coughing is initiated by activation of mechanically and chemically sensitive vagal afferent
nerves innervating the airways. All afferent nerve subtypes innervating the airways can …

Rapidly adapting receptors (RARs) occur throughout the respiratory tract from the nose to
the bronchi. They have thin myelinated nerve fibres, an irregular discharge and adapt …

Cough initiated from the trachea and larynx in anaesthetized guinea‐pigs is mediated by
capsaicin‐insensitive, mechanically sensitive vagal afferent neurones. Tachykinin …

Objectives: To describe the anatomy and neurophysiology of the cough reflex. Methods: A
review of the literature was carried out using PubMed and the ISI Web of Knowledge from …

The cough reflex represents a primary defensive mechanism for airway protection in a
variety of mammalian species. However, excessive and inappropriate coughing can emerge …

The upper airway is a vital part of the respiratory tract. Although the upper airway serves
several functions, protection of the airway and preservation of airway patency are the most …