The spin ice materials, including Ho 2 Ti 2 O 7 and Dy 2 Ti 2 O 7, are rare-earth pyrochlore
magnets which, at low temperatures, enter a constrained paramagnetic state with an …

Frustration, the presence of competing interactions, is ubiquitous in the physical sciences
and is a source of degeneracy and disorder, which in turn gives rise to new and interesting …

Since the experimental characterization of the low-pressure region of water's phase diagram
in the early 1900s, scientists have been on a quest to understand the thermodynamic …

A frustrated system is one whose symmetry precludes the possibility that every pairwise
interaction (“bond”) in the system can be satisfied at the same time. Such systems are …

Within the past 20 years or so, there has occurred an explosion of interest in the magnetic
behavior of pyrochlore oxides of the type A 2 3+ B 2 4+ O 7, where A is a rare-earth ion and …

Frustration, defined as a competition between interactions such that not all of them can be
satisfied, is important in systems ranging from neural networks to structural glasses …

The spin ice compounds Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 are highly unusual magnets that
epitomize a set of concepts of great interest in modern condensed matter physics: Their low …

Recent advances in nanotechnology allow model systems to be constructed, in which
frustrated interactions can be tuned at will, such as artificial spin ice. The symmetry of the …

Recently, significant interest has emerged in fabricated systems that mimic the behavior of
geometrically frustrated materials. We present the full realization of such an artificial spin ice …

The Coulomb phase, with its dipolar correlations and pinch-point–scattering patterns, is
central to discussions of geometrically frustrated systems, from water ice to binary and mixed …