Energy from renewable resources is central to environmental sustainability. Among the
renewables, sunlight-driven fuel synthesis is a sustainable and economical approach to …

Over the modern satellite era, substantial climatic changes have been observed in the
Antarctic, including atmospheric and oceanic warming, ice sheet thinning and a general …

Free N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are generally prepared by treatment of imidazolium
precursors with strong alkali reagents, which usually produces inactive NHC dimers. This …

The micronutrient iron is now recognized to be important in regulating the magnitude and
dynamics of ocean primary productivity, making it an integral component of the ocean's …

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying …

Abstract The Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) is a coherent circulation feature that rings the
Antarctic continental shelf and regulates the flow of water toward the Antarctic coastline. The …

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere …

The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

Over the coming century humanity may need to find reservoirs to store several trillions of
tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from fossil fuel combustion, which would otherwise …

Microbial activity is a fundamental component of oceanic nutrient cycles. Photosynthetic
microbes, collectively termed phytoplankton, are responsible for the vast majority of primary …