All animals evaluate the salience of external stimuli and integrate them with internal
physiological information into adaptive behavior. Natural and sexual selection impinge on …

the claim of consistent hemispheric specialisations across classes of chordates is
undermined by the absence of population-based directional asymmetry of paw/hand use in …

This review considers the theoretical problems facing agents that must learn and choose on
the basis of reward or reinforcement that is uncertain or delayed, in implicit or procedural …

When making intertemporal decisions, ie, decisions between outcomes occurring at different
instants in time, humans and animals prefer rewards with short-term availability over …

Behavioral neuroendocrinology is an integrative discipline that spans a wide range of taxa
and neural systems, and thus the appropriate designation of homology (sameness) across …

A deficient serotonergic system is associated with psychopathological behaviors in various
species, among which, feather pecking (FP) in chickens. Deficiency in the serotonergic …

People often forsake a larger reward later for a smaller reward sooner. The process of
devaluing the larger, later prize is called temporal discounting or delay discounting, which …

Impulsiveness and self-control are two antagonistic choice patterns. Whereas impulsive
decisions can be exemplified by the preference for a small, immediate over a large, delayed …

The 'stop-signal'task measures the ability to inhibit a response that has already been
initiated, ie the ability to stop. Human subjects who have been classified as 'impulsive', for …

Background: Animals prefer small over large rewards when the delays preceding large
rewards exceed an individual tolerance limit. Such impulsive choice behavior occurs even in …