Importance Hypercalcemia affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population. Mild
hypercalcemia, defined as total calcium of less than 12 mg/dL (< 3 mmol/L) or ionized …

Bodybuilders routinely engage in many dietary and other practices purported to be harmful
to kidney health. The development of acute kidney injury, focal segmental glomerular …

Transgender (trans) women (TW) were assigned male at birth but have a female gender
identity or gender expression. The literature on management and health outcomes of TW …

The excessive chase for beauty standards and the rise of muscle dysmorphia have
ultimately led to an increase in androgenic–anabolic steroids (AAS) and intramuscular …

Background Volume restoration and enhancement of the gluteal region appearance has
become nowadays a popular concern in particular for many women. Several options are …

Parathyroid independent hypercalcemia is characterized by suppressed parathyroid
hormone (PTH) in the presence of hypercalcemia. Well known causes and mechanisms are …

Intramuscular injections of paraffin oil can cause foreign body granuloma formation and
hypercalcemia. Macrophages with the ability to produce high levels of 1, 25 (OH) 2D3 may …

Background Considerable research has explored psychosocial characteristics of individuals
who seek aesthetic procedures as well as psychological changes experienced after …

Context Cosmetic paraffin oil injections can lead to granuloma formation, causing
hypercalcemia and kidney failure. Objective This study explores whether debulking surgery …

Hypercalcemia is generally related to a common endocrine disease such as Primary
Hyperparathyroidism, but in less than 10% of cases it can represent the clue of rare …