Cathepsin B (CatB), a cysteine protease, is primarily localized within subcellular endosomal
and lysosomal compartments. It is involved in the turnover of intracellular and extracellular …

Although required for life, paradoxically, mitochondria are often essential for initiating
apoptotic cell death. Mitochondria regulate caspase activation and cell death through an …

Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family comprises a group of endogenous proteins that function as
main regulators of caspase activity and cell death. They are considered the main culprits in …

Bax is a key regulator of apoptosis that mediates the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol
via oligomerization in the outer mitochondrial membrane before pore formation. However …

The Bcl-2 proapoptotic proteins Bax and Bak mediate the permeabilization of the
mitochondrial outer membrane during apoptosis. Current models consider that Bax and Bak …

Apoptosis is a gene-directed program that is engaged to efficiently eliminate dysfunctional
cells. Evasion of apoptosis may be an important gate to tumor initiation and therapy …

Mitochondria have been classically characterized as organelles with responsibility for
cellular energy production in the form of ATP, but they are also the organelles through which …

Anastasis is a natural cell recovery phenomenon that rescues cells from the brink of death.
Programmed cell death such as apoptosis has been traditionally assumed to be an …

The increasing exposure to nanoplastics (NPs) raises significant concerns for human health,
primarily due to their potential bioaccumulative properties. While NPs have recently been …

Frequently, low doses of toxins and other stressors not only are harmless but also activate
an adaptive stress response that raise the resistance of the organism against high doses of …