Sustainable urban development is a common concern of humanity. In order to achieve high-
quality urban development, it is imperative to measure cities' sustainability gaps within urban …

The centrality of a place reflects its relative importance in serving other places, and
quantifying centrality is a prerequisite for assessing the urban spatial structure and facilitates …

Spatial interaction centrality reflects the relative importance of population mobility within a
location in urban population mobility. Population mobility networks visually represent urban …

Understanding the attractiveness of commercial agglomerations contributes to urban
planning. Existing studies focus less on commercial agglomerations, and most directly use …

Quantifying the centrality of places and identifying centers constitute the basis for assessing
the urban spatial structure, which is essential for sustainable spatial planning. Both the …

Urban function refers to various roles and activities that take place in an urban region or a
public facility. Previous research only focused on the types of urban function and its …

The flow of essential elements such as people, goods, and information through complex
networks has become a critical factor in shaping urban dynamics and regional development …

Urban vitality is a critical metric for assessing a city's appeal, competitiveness, and
sustainability. The lockdown measures enacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 …

There is a Chinese proverb which states “Where there are Shaxian Snacks, there are
generally Lanzhou Ramen nearby”. This proverb reflects the characteristics of spatial …

Human travel flow within a city, defined as the movement of inhabitants between different
places, is a crucial aspect of urban planning, as it involves the inhabitants' demand for the …