Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a structural event with harmful consequences worldwide.
Due to the limited intrinsic regenerative capacity of the peripheral nerve in adults, neural …

Background Idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) is a chronic movement disorder characterized
by impressive clinical symptoms and the lack of clear pathological findings in clinical …

Key points Previous studies investigating the effects of somatosensory afferent inputs on
cortical excitability and neural plasticity often used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) …

Objective To study the effects of the “Mirror Effect Plus Protocol”(MEPP) on global facial
function in acute and severe Bell's Palsy. Design Single blind and randomized controlled …

Electroacupuncture (EA) is an alternative therapy for peripheral nerve injury (PNI). The
treatment relies on post-therapeutic effect rather than real-time effect. We utilized fMRI to …

BACKGROUND: Facial synkinesis, characterized by unintentional facial movements paired
with intentional movements, is a debilitating sequela of Bell palsy. PURPOSE: Our aim was …

Background Small but interesting evidences suggest that facial rehabilitation for acute Bell
Palsy (BP) could improve facial outcomes in patients who benefited from optimal medication …

Objective. Facial synkinesis is a severe sequelae of facial nerve malfunction. Once the
synkinesis is established, it is extremely difficult for patients to recover. Given that the …

Background: Mirror feedback rehabilitation is effective in preventing the development of oro-
ocular synkinesis following severe facial palsy. However, we do not have effective …

The facial dermato-muscular system consists of highly specialized muscles tightly adhering
to the overlaying skin and thus form a complex morphological conglomerate. This is the …