Cells are continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stresses and have to decide 'to
be or not to be'depending on the types and strength of stress. Among the many signaling …

An abundance of scientific literature exists demonstrating that oxidative stress influences the
MAPK signaling pathways. This review summarizes these findings for the ERK, JNK, p38 …

▪ Abstract Neurotrophins are a family of growth factors critical for the development and
functioning of the nervous system. Although originally identified as neuronal survival factors …

Extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is a member of the mitogen‐activated
protein kinase (MAPK) family and, similar to ERK1/2, has the Thr–Glu–Tyr (TEY) activation …

Growth factors synthesized and released by target tissues promote survival and
differentiation of innervating neurons. This retrograde signal begins when growth factors …

While conventional MAP kinase pathways are one of the most highly studied signal
transduction molecules, less is known about the MEK5 signaling pathway. This pathway has …

Extracellular-regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5) is a mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) regulated by a wide range of mitogens and cellular stresses. Since its cloning in …

The MEK5/ERK5 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) cascade is a unique signaling
module activated by both mitogens and stress stimuli, including cytokines, fluid shear stress …

MicroRNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancer; microRNA‐143 (miR‐143) is down‐
regulated in colon cancer. HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells were used to investigate …

Background Micro RNAs are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that negatively
regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Since miR-143 was found to be …