Helminth parasites infect almost one-third of the world's population, primarily in tropical
regions. However, regions where helminth parasites are endemic record much lower …

The vertebrate immune system has evolved in concert with a broad range of infectious
agents, including ubiquitous helminth (worm) parasites. The constant pressure of helminth …

Waterborne parasitic diseases plague tropical regions of the world with the development of
water resources often increasing transmission. Skin‐penetrating cercariae (infectious stages …

▪ Abstract Immune responses can cause severe disease, despite the role immunity plays in
defending against parasitism. Indeed, immunopathology is a remarkably common cause of …

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing process purposely aimed at restoring organ integrity after
severe injury caused by autoimmune reactions, mechanical stress or infections. The …

Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice for the treatment of all forms of schistosomiasis,
although its mechanisms of action are not completely understood. PZQ acts largely on adult …

To explain the wide spectrum of disease severity caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
and because of the limitations of animal models to fully parallel human RSV disease, study …

Studies in mice indicate that schistosome egg-induced granuloma formation and hepatic
fibrosis depend markedly on cytokine regulation, with interleukin 10 having a central role …

The disease manifestations of schistosomiasis arise from the mammalian host-mediated
type 2 T-helper cell-induced (Th2) fibro-granulomatous inflammatory response to eggs …

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is important for transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)–
induced liver fibrogenesis. Hepatic stellate cells have been recognized as its major cellular …