Hypoxia is prevalent in human tumours and contributes to microenvironments that shape
cancer evolution and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes. Historically, two different …

Hypoxia, a common feature of solid tumors, greatly hinders the efficacy of conventional
cancer treatments such as chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. The depletion of oxygen in …

Implantable devices on the tumor tissue as a local treatment are able to work in situ, which
minimizes systemic toxicities and adverse effects. Here, we demonstrated an implantable …

The prognosis with pancreatic cancer is among the poorest of any human cancer. One of the
important factors is the tumor hypoxia. Targeting tumor hypoxia is considered a desirable …

The primary physiological process of respiration produces carbon dioxide (CO 2) that reacts
with water molecules which subsequently liberates bicarbonate (HCO–3) and protons …

The magnitude of the host immune response can be regulated by either stimulatory or
inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules. Receptor-ligand binding between inhibitory …

Hypoxia is a unique characteristic of the solid tumor microenvironment. Hypoxia contributes
to multi-drug resistance, metastasis and cancer relapse through numerous molecular …

Hyperthermia has demonstrated clinical success in improving the efficacy of both chemo-
and radio-therapy in solid tumors. Pre-clinical and clinical research studies have …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal solid tumors with
an overall five-year survival rate of that has only just reached 10%. The tumor …

While performing oxygen-related tumour treatments such as chemotherapy and
photodynamic therapy, real-time monitoring hypoxia of tumour is of great value and …