The most common cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction is autoimmune thyroid disease,
which is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with two presentation phenotypes …

Recent work has provided new insights into how altered B cell-intrinsic signals—through the
B cell receptor (BCR) and key co-receptors—function together to promote the pathogenesis …

Recent advances in our understanding of genetic-epigenetic interactions have unraveled
new mechanisms underlying the etiology of complex autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune …

PTPN22 encodes a tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed by haematopoietic cells and
functions as a key regulator of immune homeostasis by inhibiting T-cell receptor signalling …

The integrin LFA-1 is crucial for T cell entry into mammalian lymph nodes and tissues, and
for promoting interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, it is increasingly …

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most prevalent autoimmune thyroid disorder. Intrathyroidal
lymphocytic infiltration is followed by a gradual destruction of the thyroid gland which may …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation
and subsequent proliferation of synovial tissues, which eventually leads to cartilage and …

Lymphocyte activation must be tightly regulated to ensure sufficient immunity to pathogens
and prevent autoimmunity. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) serve critical roles in this …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases developing in
childhood. The incidence of the disease in children increases for unknown reasons at a rate …

ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Other complications and associated
conditions in children and adolescents wit Page 1 ISPAD GUIDELINES ISPAD Clinical Practice …