Establishing the dates for the origin and main diversification events in the phylogeny of
Ascomycota is among the most crucial remaining goals in understanding the evolution of …

The current state of scientific researches in lichen microbiology was reviewed. Analysis of
the literature revealed the main areas and fundamental issues which refer to investigation of …

This chapter summarizes the diversity of interactions in lichen symbiosis at the taxonomic,
organismic and cellular levels. Peculiarities of lichen-dominated terrestrial ecosystems, their …

Lichens are the symbiotic phenotype of nutritionally specialized fungi, ecologically obligate
biotrophs which acquire fixed carbon from a population of minute photobiont cells …

Symbiosis may have played a far greater role in biological evolution than was previously
thought. The symbiosis that made the colonization of land by plants possible was as a …

Population structure and history is poorly known in most lichenized ascomycetes. Many
species display large‐scale infraspecific disjunctions, which have been explained …

Lichens are highly specialized symbioses between heterotrophic fungi and photoautotrophic
green algae or cyanobacteria. The mycobionts of many lichens produce morphologically …

Lichens are self-supporting and ecologically obligate associations between symbiotic fungi
and green algae and/or cyanobacteria. The term 'cyanolichen'refers to all lichens with …

This chapter gives an overview on (1) lichen-forming fungi, lichen photobionts and
peculiarities of lichen symbiosis such as gains and losses of lichenization, species concepts …

• Premise of the study: Colonists of even the most inhospitable environments, lichens are
present in all terrestrial ecosystems. Because of their ecological versatility and ubiquity, they …