From ontogenesis to homeostasis, the phenotypes of complex organisms are shaped by the
bidirectional interactions between the host organisms and their associated microbiota …

The consumption of sugar has become central to the Western diet. Cost and health concerns
associated with sucrose spurred the development and consumption of other sugars and …

Microbial and viral communities transform the chemistry of Earth's ecosystems, yet the
specific reactions catalyzed by these biological engines are hard to decode due to the …

Many intestinal pathogens, including Clostridioides difficile, use mucus-derived sugars as
crucial nutrients in the gut. Commensals that compete with pathogens for such nutrients are …

The gut microbiome has been implicated in a variety of physiological states, but controversy
over causality remains unresolved. Here, we performed bidirectional Mendelian …

Great progress has been made in understanding gut microbiomes' products and their effects
on health and disease. Less attention, however, has been given to the inputs that gut …

Distinct niches of the mammalian gut are populated by diverse microbiota, but the
contribution of spatial variation to intestinal metabolism remains unclear. Here we present a …

Antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP) have played a decisive role in animal agriculture for
over half a century. Despite mounting concerns about antimicrobial resistance and demand …

Compositional changes in the gut microbiota have been associated with a variety of medical
conditions such as obesity, Crohn's disease, and diabetes. However, connecting microbial …

Background Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from gut bacteria are associated with
protective roles in diseases ranging from obesity to colorectal cancers. Intake of microbially …