Methylation of DNA and of histone 3 at Lys 9 (H3K9) are highly correlated with gene
silencing in eukaryotes from fungi to humans. Both of these epigenetic marks need to be …

Epigenetic mechanisms, which involve DNA and histone modifications, result in the
heritable silencing of genes without a change in their coding sequence. The study of human …

Cytosine methylation is involved in various biological processes such as silencing of
transposable elements (TEs) and imprinting. Multiple pathways regulate DNA methylation in …

Cytosine methylation is important for transposon silencing and epigenetic regulation of
endogenous genes, although the extent to which this DNA modification functions to regulate …

Histone methylation plays a fundamental role in regulating diverse developmental
processes and is also involved in silencing repetitive sequences in order to maintain …

Epigenetic marking systems confer stability of gene expression during mammalian
development. Genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming occurs at stages when …

RNA-directed DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana depends on the upstream synthesis
of 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by RNA POLYMERASE IV (Pol IV), and …

DNA methylation has two essential roles in plants and animals—defending the genome
against transposons and regulating gene expression. Recent experiments in Arabidopsis …

Epigenetics is defined as mitotically and meiotically heritable changes in gene expression
that do not involve a change in the DNA sequence. Two major areas of epigenetics—DNA …

DNA methyltransferases Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b cooperatively regulate cytosine
methylation in CpG dinucleotides in mammalian genomes, providing an epigenetic basis for …