Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule present in almost every live being from bacteria to
humans. In vertebrates, besides being produced in peripheral tissues and acting as an …

Melatonin receptors are seven transmembrane‐spanning proteins belonging to the GPCR
superfamily. In mammals, two melatonin receptor subtypes exist‐MT1 and MT2‐encoded by …

Melatonin, N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine, an evolutionally old molecule, is produced by the
pineal gland in vertebrates, and it binds with high affinity to melatonin receptors, which are …

Melatonin is well known for its circadian production by the pineal gland, and there is a
growing body of data showing that it is also produced by many other cells and organs …

Transmission of malaria parasites to mosquitoes is initiated by the obligatory sexual
reproduction of the parasite within the mosquito bloodmeal. Differentiation of specialized …

The malaria parasite is a unicellular eukaryotic organism which, during the course of its
complex life cycle, invades the red blood cells of its vertebrate host. As it grows and …

The blood stage of the infection of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum exhibits a 48-
hour developmental cycle that culminates in the synchronous release of parasites from red …

Biological rhythms, from circadian control of cellular processes to annual cycles in life
history, are a main structural element of biology. Biological rhythms are considered adaptive …

The calcium ion (Ca2+) is used as a major signaling molecule in a diverse range of
eukaryotic cells including several human parasitic protozoa, such as Trypanosoma cruzi …

Malaria parasites, Plasmodia, spend most of their asexual life cycle within red blood cells,
where they proliferate and mature. The erythrocyte cytoplasm has very low [Ca2+](< 100 …