The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is inhabited by a wide cluster of microorganisms that
play protective, structural, and metabolic functions for the intestinal mucosa. Gut microbiota …

The orexin-A/hypocretin-1 and orexin-B/hypocretin-2 are neuropeptides synthesized by a
cluster of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and perifornical area. Orexin neurons receive …

Orexin is a neurotransmitter produced by a small group of hypothalamic neurons. Besides its
well-known role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, the orexin system was shown to …

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are lipid derivatives of omega-3 (docosahexaenoic
acid, DHA, and eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) or of omega-6 (arachidonic acid, ARA) …

The basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system has an important role in attentive functions. The
cholinergic system can be activated by different inputs, and in particular, by orexin neurons …

Background: Caloric restriction is a valid strategy to reduce the visceral adipose tissue (VAT)
content in obese persons. Hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) is a neuropeptide synthesized in the …

Obesity and metabolic diseases are linked to chronic stress and low socioeconomic status.
The mechanistic link between stress and obesity has not been clarified, partly due to the …

Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity
and has a wide variety of consequences. Approximately half of women with PCOS are …

Exercise represents the most important integrative therapy in metabolic, immunologic and
chronic diseases; it represents a valid strategy in the non-pharmacological intervention of …

Background: The purpose of this research was to study the effects of exercise on the
concentration of plasma orexin A, a peptide regulating several physiological functions …