What is known about the biological activity of fish cytokines is reviewed. Most of the
functional studies performed to date have been in teleost fish, and have focused on the …

Fish harbour complex and dynamic microbiota in their mucosal surfaces. Due to the vital role
of commensal microbiota in many biological functions including growth enhancement …

The use of veterinary drugs for the treatments of fish diseases has often health and
environmental side effects and thus alternative more sustainable strategies are needed. In …

The mucosal immune system serves as the frontline barriers of host defense against
pathogen infection, especially for the fishes, which are living in the pathogen rich aquatic …

Disease problems cause major economic losses for the aquaculture industries. In catfish,
enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), caused by the bacterial pathogen Edwardsiella ictaluri …

Catfish is one of the major aquaculture species in the United States. However, the catfish
industry is threatened by several bacterial diseases such as enteric septicemia of catfish …

The mucosal barriers of catfish (Ictalurus spp) constitute the first line of defense against
pathogen invasion while simultaneously carrying out a diverse array of other critical …

Temperature is one of the major factors that affect the outbreak of infectious disease. Lines
of evidences have shown that virulence factors can be controlled by thermo-sensors in …

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokine comprises a family of six ligands in mammals with
proinflammatory functions, having an important role in autoimmune disorders and against …

Previous studies have demonstrated that sublethal metamifop exposures induce hepatic
lipid metabolism disorder in zebrafish. Whether metamifop will cause adverse effects in …