Despite increasing evidence of major differences between rodent and human immune and
neurological function, relatively few biomedical studies are performed with human cells. This …

Brain microglia (MG) may serve as a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV) reservoir and
ignite rebound viremia following cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but they have yet …

When modeling disease in the laboratory, it is important to use clinically relevant models.
Patient-derived human brain cells grown in vitro to study and test potential treatments …

Microglia, the only lifelong resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are
highly specialized macrophages that have been recognized to have a crucial role in …

Microglial cells in the brain tumor microenvironment are associated with enhanced glioma
malignancy. They persist in an immunosuppressive M2 state at the peritumoral site and …

Abstract Pseudoginsenoside-F11 (PF11), an ocotillol-type ginsenoside, has been shown to
possess significant neuroprotective activity. Since microglia-mediated inflammation is critical …

Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system play vital roles in brain
homeostasis through clearance of pathogenic material. Microglia are also implicated in …

The role of microglia in the pathophysiology of ischemic retinal diseases has been studied
extensively. Exosomes from microglial cells exert protective effects during several nervous …

Glioblastoma cells produce and release high amounts of glutamate into the extracellular
milieu and subsequently can trigger seizure in patients. Tumor-associated microglia …

The human brain is a highly vascular organ in which the blood-brain barrier (BBB) tightly
regulates molecules entering the brain. Pericytes are an integral cell type of the BBB …