Energy-water-environment nexus is very important to attain COP21 goal, maintaining
environment temperature increase below 2° C, but unfortunately two third share of CO 2 …

The act of ensuring freshwater is considered the most essential and basic need for
humanity. Although the planet is water-rich in some terms, the freshwater sources available …

Membrane fouling, which arises from the nonspecific interaction between the membrane
surface and foulants, significantly impedes the efficient application of membrane technology …

The lack of access to safe drinking water is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity in
the 21st century. Despite the collective global effort that has been made, the drinking water …

The water needs of the inhabitants of Saudi Arabia are met by desalination powered by
electricity generated from fossil fuel. Excessive burning of fossil fuels results in faster …

Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas have been used as the major sources
of energy in the recent past. However, the negative environmental impacts associated with …

Desalination is a method for producing water for human consumption, irrigation or industrial
utilisation. In this study, a reverse osmosis (RO) system for brackish water desalination was …

When two streams of different salinities are mixed, Gibbs free energy of mixing is released.
This energy can be harvested and further converted to electric energy through pressure …

Highlights What are the main findings? Climate-change-induced freshwater shortage and
soil salinity have a long-term potential effect on agriculture. Salinity of agricultural soil and …

Freeze desalination (FD) is an emerging technology to overcome limitations of membrane-
and thermal-energy-based desalination processes. Extant studies concerning FD have …