Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) are very strong radar echoes primarily studied in
the VHF wavelength range from altitudes close to the polar summer mesopause. Radar …

Active ionospheric experiments using high-power, high-frequency transmitters,“heaters”, to
study plasma processes in the ionosphere and magnetosphere continue to provide new …

The high‐power HF (high‐frequency) facility (commonly known as Heating) near Tromsø,
Norway, which is an essential part of the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association …

Abstract The EISCAT (European Incoherent SCATer) Scientific Association has provided
versatile incoherent scatter (IS) radar facilities on the mainland of northern Scandinavia (the …

Cosmic dust particles are small solid objects observed in the solar planetary system and in
many astronomical objects like the surrounding of stars, the interstellar and even the …

Studies of the Mesosphere, Stratosphere and Troposphere by radar have shown great
growth in the last 10–15 years. The growth has occurred in both diversity and depth in all …

Current knowledge concerning the lower ionosphere (D-and E-region) is reviewed with an
emphasis on new aspects of empirical results. Starting with an overview of experimental …

Continuous observations of polar mesosphere summer echoes at heights from 81–93 km
were performed using the first Mesosphere‐Stratosphere‐Troposphere/Incoherent Scatter …

We report from the first campaign, with the EISCAT radars and heating facility, which looked
for a proposed new PMSE overshoot effect resulting when PMSE is being affected by a …

We have developed a numerical model that solves the time‐dependent, one‐dimensional,
coupled continuity and momentum equations for an arbitrary number of charged and neutral …