Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main cause of low back pain (LBP), which can
lead to disability and thus generate a heavy burden on society. IVDD is characterized by a …

Introduction Regenerative medicine involves the replacement of damaged cells, tissues, or
organs to restore normal function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and exosomes secreted …

Neuropathic pain is generally defined as a non-physiological pain experience caused by
damage to the nervous system. It can occur spontaneously, as a reaction to a given stimulus …

Low back pain (LBP) is a common and important clinical problem. In addition to pain,
patients are also affected by personal, social, and economic burdens. Intervertebral disc …

Functionally enhanced mesenchymal stromal cells participate in the repair of intervertebral
disc. This study aimed to assess the safety and tolerability of intradiscal administration of …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this narrative review is to evaluate the efficacy of
the most commonly studied intradiscal biologics used for the treatment and alleviation of …

Restoring neurological dysfunctions is challenging in patients with the sequels of vertebral
and spinal cord lesions. Current guidelines focus on treating the early stage of vertebral and …

Chronic spinal pain is related to enormous and increasing socioeconomic burden on
humanity across the globe. Numerous resources are utilized in managing chronic spinal …

Aim: A 3-month pilot study to evaluate the safety of injecting a bone marrow-derived
mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicle advanced investigational product (IP) into the …

Nerve injury can not only lead to sensory and motor dysfunction, but also be complicated
with neuropathic pain (NPP), which brings great psychosomatic injury to patients. At present …