Modules based on c-Si cells account for more than 90% of the photovoltaic capacity
installed worldwide, which is why the analysis in this paper focusses on this cell type. This …

Recently, the silicon wafer producers, affected by Covid-19 and USA-China competition,
looks for new production processes to increase the production. On the other hand, the …

Crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells have been accepted as the only environmentally and
economically acceptable alternative source to fossil fuels. The majority of commercially …

This paper investigated the lower heat transfer efficiency of ingot after increasing the size of
Czochralski monocrystalline silicon. To improve the heat transfer efficiency, industrial …

The past two decades have been a transformative era for solar silicon crystal growth,
especially in the competition between multi-crystalline silicon (Multi-Si) and mono-crystalline …

The main method for producing single silicon crystal is the Czochralski (CZ) method, which
is widely utilized to grow high-quality, large-size semiconductor crystals. The ideal physical …

Nowadays, the water-cooled jacket is widely used in the large industrial Czochralski (Cz)
furnace to enhance the pulling rate of the monocrystalline silicon crystal for solar cells. It is …

In order to create a suitable temperature environment in the cooling process of Czochralski
silicon (Cz-Si), a water-cooling jacket is usually set, which can improve the crystal …

Oxygen impurity is unavoidable during the Czochralski (CZ) growth of single silicon crystals.
Currently, there are costly methods to control oxygen levels in the final silicon crystal, such …

As the semiconductor industry shifts towards larger wafer sizes, such as 300 mm and 450
mm, controlling defects is crucial to ensure device performance and yield. Conversely, a …