Introduction: The dose calculation plays a crucial role in many aspects of contemporary
clinical radiotherapy treatment planning process. It therefore goes without saying that the …

Introduction: This is the second of two papers giving an overview of the use of Monte-Carlo
techniques for radiotherapy applications. Methods: The first paper gave an introduction and …

Cancer treatment with protons and carbon ions relies on the property of the accelerated
charged particles to deposit most of their energy in the vicinity of their range (around the …

Methods allowing for in situ dosimetry and range verification are essential in radiotherapy to
reduce the safety margins required to account for uncertainties introduced in the entire …

Proton therapy (PT) is an emerging external beam radiation therapy characterized by
superior dose distribution compared to conventional modalities. In the present study, an …

Purpose: According to the revised Task Group number 43 recommendations, a
brachytherapy source must be validated against a similar or identical source before its …

Proton beam therapy (PBT) is a modern external beam radiation therapy characterized by
superior dose distribution. Small field PBT refers to the treatment of tumor sizes less than 7 …

Introduction: Lung cancer ranks high among the causes of mortality in cancer patients, as
per the most recent World Health Organization report. Proton therapy offers a precise …

Kanker merupakan suatu penyakit yang terjadi akibat pembelahan sel secara abnormal dan
tidak terkontrol serta dapat menyebar ke jaringan tubuh lainnya (World Health Organization …

Purpose: Proton Beam Therapy (PBT) is an emerging radiotherapy technique using beams
of proton to treat cancer. As the first report addressing the topic, the principal aim is to …