Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a heterogeneous group of
disorders characterized by early-onset, often severe epileptic seizures and EEG …

Investigations in the last 10 years have revealed a new category of neurological diseases
mediated by antibodies against cell surface and synaptic proteins. There are currently 16 …

Objective: This nationwide study gives a detailed description of the clinical features and long-
term outcome of anti–leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis. Methods: We …

Objective: To describe a distinctive seizure semiology that closely associates with voltage‐
gated potassium channel (VGKC)‐complex/Lgi1 antibodies and commonly precedes the …

The rapid expansion in the number of encephalitis disorders associated with autoantibodies
against neuronal proteins has led to an incremental increase in use of the term “autoimmune …

Background Voltage-gated potassium channels are thought to be the target of antibodies
associated with limbic encephalitis. However, antibody testing using cells expressing …

The discovery, in 2010, of autoantibodies against the extracellular proteins LGI1 and Caspr2
facilitated a change of view regarding the clinical importance of voltage-gated potassium …

Background Epilepsy has long been considered to be a risk factor for psychosis. However
there is a lack of consistency in findings across studies on the effect size of this risk which …

Understanding the aetiology of epilepsy is essential both for clinical management of patients
and for conducting neurobiological research that will direct future therapies. The aetiology of …

Objective To describe clinical characteristics and immunotherapy responses in patients with
autoimmune epilepsy. Design Observational, retrospective case series. Setting Mayo Clinic …